Sumatriptan

Sumatriptan

Neurological Prescription only ATC code: N02CC01

What it is

Sumatriptan is a triptan, a selective agonist at serotonin 5-HT1B/1D receptors. It constricts dilated cranial blood vessels and dampens the release of inflammatory neuropeptides from trigeminal nerve endings, which is how it stops a migraine attack that has already started. It is used for migraine, as an attack treatment rather than a preventive one.

Typical dose
50–100 mg
2× a day

Used for

  • Migraine

What to know while taking it

Food makes no difference to whether it works, so it can be taken with or without a meal, but it is meant for attacks only and the number of doses in a month is capped — frequent use tends to turn into medication-overuse headache. Because it acts on serotonin receptors, combining it with SSRI and SNRI antidepressants such as sertraline, escitalopram, fluoxetine or venlafaxine carries a risk of serotonin excess, so the full medication list belongs with the prescriber. It can also raise blood pressure briefly, and it is not used in uncontrolled hypertension or coronary or cerebrovascular disease; it may cause brief tightness or heaviness in the chest, neck or jaw.

When to see a doctor

Chest tightness or pain, especially if it is severe or lasts, needs medical attention rather than another dose. Agitation, shivering, fever, muscle twitching or a racing heart while also on an antidepressant, or attacks frequent enough that the monthly limit is being reached, are reasons to see a doctor.

Worth knowing

  • Limited number of doses per month
  • Chest tightness needs medical attention
  • Can lower blood pressure

Reference information, not medical advice. Discuss any change with your doctor.