American
Divide the beef into 4 portions of 125 g and shape them loosely into patties about 1.5 cm thick and slightly wider than the buns; press a shallow dimple into the center of each.
Cut the tomato into 8 slices, slice the onion into thin rings and wash and dry the lettuce leaves.
Heat the oil in a cast-iron frying pan over medium-high heat and season the patties on both sides with the salt and pepper just before cooking.
Cook the patties for 3-4 minutes per side without pressing them, until well browned and 71C in the center, then rest them for 2 minutes.
While the patties rest, split the buns and toast the cut sides in a dry pan for about 1 minute.
Spread the ketchup on the bottom buns and layer on the lettuce, patty, 2 tomato slices and onion rings.
Close with the top buns and serve at once.