Enalapril

Enalapril

Cardiovascular Prescription only ATC code: C09AA02

What it is

Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, a prescription-only cardiovascular drug. It blocks the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, so blood vessels relax and the heart works against less resistance. It is used for high blood pressure and for heart failure, where it also reduces the strain the failing heart carries.

Typical dose
5–20 mg
2× a day

Used for

  • Hypertension
  • Heart failure

What to know while taking it

It can be taken with or without food, and the timing that matters most is consistency from day to day. Ibuprofen and other anti-inflammatory painkillers blunt its effect and are harder on the kidneys alongside it, while spironolactone and potassium or magnesium aspartate supplements add to its own tendency to raise potassium. Blood potassium, creatinine and eGFR are the usual follow-up tests, and long use has been linked with lower zinc. A dry, persistent cough is a known class effect rather than an infection, and the drug is not used in pregnancy because it harms the developing kidneys.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor for muscle weakness, an irregular or unusually slow heartbeat, or much less urine, which can point to rising potassium or falling kidney function. Swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, or difficulty breathing, needs emergency care. A cough that will not settle, or a pregnancy or plan for one, is also a reason to see a doctor rather than adjust anything alone.

Worth knowing

  • Can raise potassium
  • Dry cough is a known effect
  • Not during pregnancy

Markers to watch

Nutrients affected

  • potassium — raised by (Potassium)
  • zinc — depleted by (Free T3, Testosterone, TSH)

Reference information, not medical advice. Discuss any change with your doctor.